C. government interest groups Among men, the GOP has an advantage among Gen Xers, Baby Boomers and Silents, but trails the Democratic Party in leaned party affiliation by 4 points among Millennial men. party ______. A. education Overall, those who live in suburban counties are about evenly divided in their partisan loyalties (47% Democratic, 45% Republican), little changed over the last two decades. Both generations have been about evenly split in their partisan leanings for most of the past decade. B. electioneering Voters' party . Among rural whites, the GOP enjoyed a roughly 10-percentage-point advantage throughout much of the 2000s; the GOP advantage among rural white voters is now 24 percentage points (58% to 34%). Both groups are far more Democratic in their partisan preferences than in 1994, though the movement toward the Democratic Party has been slightly greater among women than men. C. are less likely to vote than independents Landline and cellular telephone numbers are selected using random-digit-dial methods. 19 Gerald Pomper, who also discusses the weak party identifications of young Americans, argues that they result from the political events of the last decade. remains a two-party system because ______. Hispanic Catholics stand out from their white counterparts in their association with the Democratic Party. Both groups of voters have moved toward the Republican Party over time, though the shift has been more pronounced among white Catholics. Wheeler Corporations most recent income statement follows: TotalPerUnitSales(8,000units)$208,000$26.00Variableexpenses144,00018.00Contributionmargin64,000$8.00Fixedexpenses56,000Netoperatingincome$8,000\begin{array} {lrr} Despite Republican efforts to make inroads in these communities and a large Republican vote among Hispanics in places like Florida, young minority voters supported Democrats by substantial margins. In 2014, 53% of Millennial voters were Democrats or leaned Democratic, 37% tilted toward the GOP. Voters living in urban counties and those living in rural counties have grown further apart in their partisan preferences over the last few decades. The Democratic Party enjoyed a 20-percentage-point lead in party identification until the 1980s, with surveys reporting that Democratic identifiers were about 50% to 55% of the typical sample, while Republicans were about 30% to 35%. D. their members are too wealthy to join the group for the collective benefit, Which of these is an example of an economic interest group? By contrast, white voters with no more than a high school education have moved more to the GOP over the last 10 years, though there has been little change since 2015. \text{Fixed expenses}\hspace{5pt} & Identify and enable future-ready leaders who can inspire exceptional performance. gain the benefits of their activities whether or not they join. C. Supreme Court Learn how to use the CliftonStrengths assessment and strengths-based development to accomplish your goals. A. are the most likely individuals to vote in primary elections and work in campaigns As recently as 2015, 51% of white voters with a college degree aligned with the Republican Party, compared with 43% for the Democratic Party. Republican gains among those without a college degree are especially visible among white voters. Among voters living in urban counties, the Democratic Party holds a tw0-to-one advantage in leaned party identification (62% to 31%). B. vibrant democracy That historical pattern, evident in the Silent and baby boom generations, appears to be changing. C. lobbying efforts directed at congressional staff members Today, the GOP has opened up an overwhelming 78% to 17% advantage in leaned partisanship among white evangelicals, making them the most solidly Republican major religious grouping in the country. Among men, a larger share of independent voters and voters who dont align with either major party lean toward the GOP than the Democratic Party, while the balance of partisan leaning among women who identify as independents runs in the opposite direction. This disconnect may explain low levels of trust in government and poor views of both parties in general. The following sections show the trends in party identification for each generation over the past 30 years. A. weaknesses among local Republican parties in the Deep South Among men with a college degree, 48% identify with or lean toward the Democratic Party, while 46% of these voters identify with or lean toward the GOP. However, Democrats hold a slightly larger edge in leaned party identification over Republicans now than in 2016 or 2015. A. party activists who work at banks In 1994, white voters without a college degree were 2 points more likely than those with a degree to associate with the Democratic Party (40% vs. 38%). B. collective benefits cannot be kept from those who do not join the group, and the This pattern is even more pronounced among white women. The adult members of Generation X in 1992 were more likely to identify as Republicans than Democrats, 32% to 24%. (+1) 202-857-8562 | Fax A. Mormon voters are now about as likely to identify as independent (41%) as they are to identify as Republican (45%). Eight-in-ten white evangelicals who attend religious services at least a few times a month associate with the GOP, compared with 70% of those who attend services less often. Ensure that you have the right strategy, culture, people, structure and processes in place to achieve your goals. Women voters with a college degree are 17 points more likely to identify with or lean toward the Democratic Party than they were 25 years ago, while there has been a 10-point increase among men with a college degree. The analysis in this report draws on more than 10,000 interviews with registered voters in 2017 and tens of thousands of interviews conducted in previous years (see Methodology for additional detail). In the wake of key decisions by the U.S. Supreme Court, the public's approval of its job remains little changed overall but with record-high division among partisans. This marks a change from 2017, when the GOP held a 52% to 43% advantage in leaned party identification among the oldest voters. Southern voters in urban counties are less likely than their Northeastern counterparts to identify with or lean toward the Democratic Party (55% vs. 72%). In this instance, Billy is ______. While the GOP has held significant advantages over the Democratic Party among white college graduates without postgraduate experience over much of the past two decades, these voters are divided in their partisanship today. For example, 72% of voters in the Northeast who live in urban counties associate with the Democratic Party, compared with 49% of Northeastern voters who live in rural counties. However, the size of the partisan gap by race and ethnicity is wider among older generations than among younger ones. A. Americans resist party efforts to become more centralized. Currently, 44% of Generation X identifies as political independents, which is unchanged from three decades ago, when the first part of the generation was entering adulthood. Public interest groups are groups that organize to influence government to produce From 2010 through 2015, about half of women (51%-52%) identified with or leaned toward the Democratic Party. B. movement of conservative southern Democrats to the Republican Party About six-in-ten voters with postgraduate experience (61%) identify with or lean toward the Democratic Party, while just 33% associate with the Republican Party. issues because ______. See Voters' Choice: Varieties of American Electoral Behavior (New York: Dodd, Mead, 1975), pp. Among Baby Boomer voters, 47% identify with or lean toward the GOP, while 46% identify with or lean toward the Democratic Party. In addition, the partisan gap between white men and women with a college degree is wide and has grown over time. However, Democrats hold a slightly larger edge in leaned party identification over Republicans now than in 2016 or 2015. A. entrepreneurial leaders find ways to limit the benefits strictly to group members D. eased the restrictions on gifts and travel provided for representatives and senators by lobbyists, Social protests are used by groups that ______. C. activist See detailed tables. In 1992, when only about half of Gen X had reached adulthood, 44% identified as independents. There has been little change in the partisan leanings of men and women Baby Boomers in recent years. At the same time, those without college experience once a group that tilted more Democratic than Republican are roughly divided in their partisan orientation. What will the court invoke to compel Jericha to lease the property as promised? B. party members are typical of the entire electorate As with voters overall, there are wide divides in leaned partisanship by race and ethnicity across generations. Put another way, in 1994 white voters with postgraduate experience were 12 points more likely than whites with a college degree to associate with the Democratic Party; today that gap remains about the same (11 points). Today nearly seven-in-ten (68%) do so. About half (52%) of Silent Generation voters identify with or lean toward the Republican Party, a larger share than a decade ago; 43% identify with or lean toward the Democratic Party. While some of this shift took place a decade ago, postgraduate voters affiliation with and leaning to the Democratic Party have grown substantially just over the past few years, from 55% in 2015 to 63% in 2017. (+1) 202-419-4372 | Media Inquiries. C. third parties have never promoted important issues Put the customer at the core of every part of your organization to deliver exceptional experiences and grow your business. Among Silent Generation voters, the Democratic Party has improved its standing somewhat with both men and women. C. electioneering Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. The Democratic Party opened up a 4-point edge among this group in 2016, and that advantage has grown to 12 points in the current data (54% to 42%). C. media elites tend to deride parties that adopt moderate issue positions The distribution of party registration among younger voters has changed substantially between 2015 and 2018. parties accountable for their performance in office is ______. At the same time, the GOP now runs about even with the Democratic Party among voters without a college degree after trailing among this group at the end of the George W. Bush administration. These data convinced Democrats that turnout was the key to electoral dominance, leading to much more vigorous . White Gen Xer and Boomer voters have remained relatively stable in their partisan makeup in recent years. B. For most of the past two decades, majorities of Mormons called themselves Republicans. collective goods or services that benefit the public. C. expelled numerous representatives and senators for improperly accepting illegal gifts and travel from lobbyists Roughly two-thirds of Hispanic Catholics (68%) identify with or lean toward the Democratic Party. In 1994, white women voters with a college degree were 2 points more likely than those without one to identify with or lean toward the GOP (48% to 46%). Among voters with some college experience but no four-year degree, the Republican Party runs about even with the Democratic Party. White voters in all generations are significantly more likely to identify with or lean to the GOP than nonwhite voters. members of a major party and groups, usually resulting in a change in policy direction. While there are racial and ethnic differences in the makeup of rural, suburban and urban areas, this overall pattern of geographic divergence is also seen among whites. A. consumer groups The balance of partisan affiliation and the combined measure of partisan identification and leaning has not changed substantially over the past two decades. In Pew Research Center surveys conducted in 2017, 37% of registered voters identified as independents, 33% as Democrats and 26% as Republicans. C. not likely to become influential until after the writers of the Constitution died As has been the case for the last several years, a narrow majority (53%) affiliates with or leans to the GOP, while 41% lean toward or identify with the Democratic Party. Over the past 30 years, the proportion of Silent Generation people who identify as Democrats has been relatively stable. B. that presidential candidates must have support from at least 15% of the electorate A. form organizations The changing composition of the electorate and partisan coalitions, Appendix A: Religious category definitions, A voter data resource: Detailed demographic tables about verified voters in 2016, 2018, What the 2020 electorate looks like by party, race and ethnicity, age, education and religion, Interactive map: The changing racial and ethnic makeup of the U.S. electorate, International Religious Freedom & Restrictions, Size & Demographic Characteristics of Religious Groups, Religious Characteristics of Demographic Groups, Pew-Templeton Global Religious Futures Project, 60% of Americans Would Be Uncomfortable With Provider Relying on AI in Their Own Health Care, The changing face of Congress in 8 charts, As Russian invasion nears one-year mark, partisans grow further apart on U.S. support for Ukraine. A. bureaucracy C. don't have any choices when it comes to joining an interest group Today, a majority of white women without a college degree (55%) identify with or lean to the GOP, compared with just 34% of white women with a four-year college education. Members of the Silent Generation were born between 1928 and 1945 and, therefore, are primarily between the ages of 77 and 94 today. C. more sharply defined than those in parliamentary democracies Among voters with a college degree, white men are 17 points more likely than white women to identify with or lean toward the GOP. A clear majority of nonwhite Millennials (64%) identify with or lean to the Democratic Party; just 26% identify with or lean to the GOP. In 1994, white voters with at least some postgraduate experience were about evenly divided between the GOP and the Democratic Party, while those with a four-year degree were significantly more Republican than Democratic (59% to 34%). B. the Republicans have been the more liberal of the two main political parties The differences are especially pronounced between older Cubans who fled their country in the first two decades . Almost nine-in-ten (87%) lean toward or identify with the Democratic Party. D. benefits available only to group members, Selective incentives are necessary for some interest groups because ______. Each sample of national adults includes a minimum quota of 75% cellphone respondents and 25% landline respondents, with additional minimum quotas by time zone within region. C. politicians usually win primary elections without capturing a large portion of it The current 21-point gap in GOP affiliation between white women with and without a college degree is larger than the 11-point education gap among white men. D. adviser. B. seek to influence public policy A. the organizations that would link citizens to government After passage of the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA) in 200220022002, groups including the Democratic Party of California, the National Rifle Association, and individuals, including Mitch McConnell who was at the time the Senate Majority Whip, brought a case against the Federal Election Commission arguing that the provisions of BCRA violated constitutional protections of free speech. Voters with some postgraduate experience, in addition to a four-year college degree, are especially likely to associate with the Democratic Party. And Gen X women are now almost as likely as Millennial women to associate with the Democratic Party (57% to 60%). However, there have been notable shifts in leaned party affiliation within generations by gender in recent years. Democrats held a significant advantage among voters with a high school degree or less education for much of the late 1990s through early 2000s, and as recently as 2014 (47% Democratic, 42% Republican). Much of the movement toward the Republican Party among white voters without a college degree has been driven by those with the lowest levels of education voters with no more than a high school diploma. For instance, the current gap in the South is far larger than it was 20 years ago and has been driven by a sharp move away from the Democratic Party among rural voters. Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World, 1. resulting in a change in policy direction A. ignored recent reforms because very few lobbyists, representatives, or senators follow the rules anyway Since 2011, 40% or more of U.S. adults have identified as political independents in nearly every year. In Pew Research Center surveys conducted in 2017, 37% of registered voters identified as independents, 33% as Democrats and 26% as Republicans. That year, 42% of adult millennials were independent. D. vote for radical candidates, Americans ______. D. party benefits, In a ______, registered party members rather than party bosses nominate party A. party activists For example, in 2015, Democrats had a fairly modest 3-point registration edge among 18 . B. makes it easier for voters to hold parties accountable for their actions favors is called ______. At the same time, while urban white voters were roughly evenly divided in their political preferences for much of the last two decades, in recent years the Democratic Party has enjoyed a double-digit partisan advantage: Today, 54% of white urban voters are Democrats or lean Democratic, while 41% identify with the GOP or lean Republican. D. are willing to join groups that are not involved in politics, but they shy away from In recent decades, party identification among American voters has ______. C. most American voters are moderates Both groups have moved toward the GOP over the past decade, though the shift has been slightly more pronounced among those with no more than a high school diploma than those with some college experience. But in both 2012 and 2022, the proportion of Generation X members who are independent has returned to the mid-40% range. Whereas younger generations tend to be more politically independent than older generations, older Americans are much more likely to identify as Republicans. B. the group's membership is likely to increase D. special, A common feature of sixth party era American politics that makes it difficult to hold However, over the past few years the Democratic Party has lost some ground among Millennials, even as it has improved its standing among the oldest cohort of adults, the Silent Generation. D. interest group lobbying, Comparatively speaking, the differences between American political parties are Overall in 2021, an average of 29% of Americans identified as Democrats, 27% as Republicans and 42% as independents. Still, there have been modest fluctuations: The new analysis, based on combined telephone surveys from 2018 and 2019, finds that the Democratic Partys advantage in party identification has narrowed since 2017. Gallup also analyzed its 1992, 2002 and 2012 data to show how party identification has changed among the generations over time. 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