It is also referred to as the "Dogmatic Constitution on the Church." Following the approval by the assembled bishops by a vote of 2,151 to 5, it was promulgated by Pope Paul VI on November 21, 1964. He is not saved, however, who, though part of the body of the Church, does not persevere in charity. This evangelization, that is, this announcing of Christ by a living testimony as well as by the spoken word, takes on a specific quality and a special force in that it is carried out in the ordinary surroundings of the world. For the Church is compelled by the Holy Spirit to do her part that God's plan may be fully realized, whereby He has constituted Christ as the source of salvation for the whole world. Haer, 111 24, 1: PG 7, 966 B; Harvey 2, 13i, ed. 16:15; Lk. Placed by the grace of God, as God's Mother, next to her Son, and exalted above all angels and men, Mary intervened in the mysteries of Christ and is justly honored by a special cult in the Church. Thus these religious are able to tranquilly fulfill and faithfully observe their religious profession and so spiritually rejoicing make progress on the road of charity. But there are certain things which pertain in a special way to the laity, both men and women, by reason of their condition and mission. Mystici Corporis, 1. c., pp. 960 (1767) . From this arises their duty of working to implant and strengthen the Kingdom of Christ in souls and to extend that Kingdom to every clime. He remains indeed in the bosom of the Church, but, as it were, only in a "bodily" manner and not "in his heart. (12) The Spirit dwells in the Church and in the hearts of the faithful, as in a temple. By such a bond, a person is totally dedicated to God, loved beyond all things. Finally, she was given by the same Christ Jesus dying on the cross as a mother to His disciple with these words: "Woman, behold thy son". 6 de Alexandria et Antiochia, et can. (11*) A like example, but one given in a different way, is that offered by widows and single people, who are able to make great contributions toward holiness and apostolic endeavor in the Church. 16 January 2005. Magno gaudio, 23 maii 1964: AAS 56 (1964) p. 566. 5, 1: ed. These laymen spend themselves completely in apostolic labors, working the Lord's field with much success.(10*). . (10*). Serm. To these definitions the assent of the Church can never be wanting, on account of the activity of that same Holy Spirit, by which the whole flock of Christ is preserved and progresses in unity of faith. For their pastors know how much the laity contribute to the welfare of the entire Church. Encycl. Sedes Sapientiae, 31 maii 19S6: AAS 48 (1956) p. 355. (14) Cfr. IV 17, 5; PG 7, 1023; Harvey, 2, p. 199 s. Conc. As the assumed nature inseparably united to Him, serves the divine Word as a living organ of salvation, so, in a similar way, does the visible social structure of the Church serve the Spirit of Christ, who vivifies it, in the building up of the body. The mystery of the holy Church is manifest in its very foundation. (65) He continually distributes in His body, that is, in the Church, gifts of ministries in which, by His own power, we serve each other unto salvation so that, carrying out the truth in love, we might through all things grow unto Him who is our Head. (7) Cfr. (27*) This power can be exercised only with the consent of the Roman Pontiff. Eccl. F. Streicher) pas I, pp. 53. Rev. V, 28, 39; PL 43, 197: Certe manifestum est, id quod dicitur, in Ecdesia intus et foris, in corde, non in corpore cogitandum. By reason of it, the Catholic Church strives constantly and with due effect to bring all humanity and all its possessions back to its source In Christ, with Him as its head and united in His Spirit. S.Hieronymus, Adv. 45. 18 There is, first, that people to whom the covenants and promises were made, and from whom Christ was born according to the flesh (cf. 23, cap. ad Flav. 7, 7: . Since, like Paul the Apostle, he is debtor to all men, let him be ready to preach the Gospel to all,(174) and to urge his faithful to apostolic and missionary activity. Pius XII, Litt. (110) The entire body of the faithful, anointed as they are by the Holy One,(111) cannot err in matters of belief. Thus every layman, in virtue of the very gifts bestowed upon him, is at the same time a witness and a living instrument of the mission of the Church itself "according to the measure of Christ's bestowal".(197). Those chosen for the fullness of the priesthood are granted the ability of exercising the perfect duty of pastoral charity by the grace of the sacrament of Orders. 3, ad 1.) The holy people of God shares also in Christ's prophetic office; it spreads abroad a living witness to Him, especially by means of a life of faith and charity and by offering to God a sacrifice of praise, the tribute of lips which give praise to His name. Since the kingdom of Christ is not of this world(120) the Church or people of God in establishing that kingdom takes nothing away from the temporal welfare of any people. PL 78, 224. Damascenus, Adv. (221) Since truly we all offend in many things (222) we all need God's mercies continually and we all must daily pray: "Forgive us our debts"(223)(3*). tantum. Lc. Strengthened in Holy Communion by the Body of Christ, they then manifest in a concrete way that unity of the people of God which is suitably signified and wondrously brought about by this most august sacrament. 36. Origenes, In Is. (3) He planned to assemble in the holy Church all those who would believe in Christ. (85) God, however, does not make men holy and save them merely as individuals, without bond or link between one another. 23, sacr. 2301 (38S7-61). 7. Apost. (213) In a word, "Christians must be to the world what the soul is to the body. A council is never ecumenical unless it is confirmed or at least accepted as such by the successor of Peter; and it is prerogative of the Roman Pontiff to convoke these councils, to preside over them and to confirm them. Apost. Vat. 23, ecr. (272)(5*) Thus by their brotherly interest our weakness is greatly strengthened. (5) Cfr. 1944: AAS 36 (1944) p. 137. (22*) And at the same time, in conformity with our own pastoral interests, we urge all concerned, if any abuses, excesses or defects have crept in here or there, to do what is in their power to remove or correct them, and to restore all things to a fuller praise of Christ and of God. Encycl. For Mary, who since her entry into salvation history unites in herself and re-echoes the greatest teachings of the faith as she is proclaimed and venerated, calls the faithful to her Son and His sacrifice and to the love of the Father. Leo XIII, Const. Vat. 42. (12*) It is charity which guides us to our final end. 20. Is 7:14; cf. Summary Introduction The primary statement of Lumen Gentium's introduction is that it intends to proceed "following faithfully the teaching of previous councils."(LG, 1) Chapter 1 - The Mystery of the Church The Church is endowed with the Holy Spirit and was constituted by Christ in the present era. (17) S. Ambrosius, Epist. Though they differ from one another in essence and not only in degree, the common priesthood of the faithful and the ministerial or hierarchical priesthood are nonetheless interrelated: each of them in its own special way is a participation in the one priesthood of Christ. Dei Filius, 3: Denz. 1, 24, Lc. Thus in their diversity all bear witness to the wonderful unity in the Body of Christ. (261) Reckoning therefore that "the sufferings of the present time are not worthy to be compared with the glory to come that will be revealed in us",(262) strong in faith we look for the "blessed hope and the glorious coming of our great God and Saviour, Jesus Christ"(263) "who will refashion the body of our lowliness, conforming it to the body of His glory(264), and who will come "to be glorified in His saints and to be marveled at in all those who have believed"(265). Conc. It is true that those in holy orders can at times be engaged in secular activities, and even have a secular profession. (40*) This is even more clearly verified when, gathered together in an ecumenical council, they are teachers and judges of faith and morals for the universal Church, whose definitions must be adhered to with the submission of faith. (291) In the course of her Son's preaching she received the words whereby in extolling a kingdom beyond the calculations and bonds of flesh and blood, He declared blessed(292) those who heard and kept the word of God, as she was faithfully doing. Christ proposed to His disciples this form of life, which He, as the Son of God, accepted in entering this world to do the will of the Father. The Roman Pontiff, as the successor of Peter, is the perpetual and visible principle and foundation of unity of both the bishops and of the faithful. The state of this people is that of the dignity and freedom of the sons of God, in whose hearts the Holy Spirit dwells as in His temple. Apost. Encycl. S. Thomas, Summa Theol. Fidci Donum, 21 apr. The Lord Jesus set it on its course by preaching the Good News, that is, the coming of the Kingdom of God, which, for centuries, had been promised in the Scriptures: "The time is fulfilled, and the kingdom of God is at hand"(18). AAS 22 (1930) p. 548 s. Cfr. 218 (3642). It has been argued that, in fact, all the S. Irenaeus, Adv. . 14, 27: PL 44, 980. (216)(2*) Indeed He sent the Holy Spirit upon all men that He might move them inwardly to love God with their whole heart and their whole soul, with all their mind and all their strength(217) and that they might love each other as Christ loves them. Miserentissimus, 8 maii 1928: AAS 20 (1928) p. 178. 8, 1; 14, 22-23; 20, 17, et passim. Inter Mirifica, Decree On the Means of Social Communication, 1963. The documents of recent Pontiffs regarding the jurisdiction of bishops must be interpreted in terms of this necessary determination of powers. Helpful. They must follow in His footsteps and conform themselves to His image seeking the will of the Father in all things. 30: Denz. Lumen Gentium (Light of the nations) was promulgated by Pope Paul V. Fidei Donum, 21 apr. 1896: ASS 28 (1895-96) p. 732. 8, a. Chrysostomus n Eph. 1. Mystici Corporis AAS 35 (1943) p. 200 et passilr. Funk, I, p. 154 s. (7) Cfr. Uninterruptedly He renews it and leads it to perfect union with its Spouse. VI, allocutio in Concilio, die 4 dec. 1963: AAS 56 (1964) p. 37. A bishop marked with the fullness of the sacrament of Orders, is "the steward of the grace of the supreme priesthood," (48*) especially in the Eucharist, which he offers or causes to be offered,(49*) and by which the Church continually lives and grows. (9) Cfr. As the Son was sent by the Father,(131) so He too sent the Apostles, saying: "Go, therefore, make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe all things whatsoever I have commanded you. By these gifts He makes them fit and ready to undertake the various tasks and offices which contribute toward the renewal and building up of the Church, according to the words of the Apostle: "The manifestation of the Spirit is given to everyone for profit". S. Augustinus, Bapt. 16. Encycl. 693 (1305). (16) Breviarium Romanum, Invitatorium infesto Sanctorum Omnium. Lumen gentium, the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church, is one of the principal documents of the Second Vatican Council. ib. (159)(28*) This college, insofar as it is composed of many, expresses the variety and universality of the People of God, but insofar as it is assembled under one head, it expresses the unity of the flock of Christ. Didache, 15, 1: ib., p. 32. Annus sacer, 1. c., p. 28. 4 ad 3. (188) Let them remember that by their daily life and interests they are showing the face of a truly sacerdotal and pastoral ministry to the faithful and the infidel, to Catholics and non-Catholics, and that to all they bear witness to the truth and life, and as good shepherds go after those also,(189) who though baptized in the Catholic Church have fallen away from the use of the sacraments, or even from the faith. (171) Being taken from among men, and himself beset with weakness, he is able to have compassion on the ignorant and erring. (8*), Christ loves the Church as His bride, having become the model of a man loving his wife as his body;(68) the Church, indeed, is subject to its Head. These elements, as gifts belonging to the Church of Christ, are forces impelling toward catholic unity. 16, 21: PG 13, 1443 C, Tertullianus Adv. On this occasion the Theological Commission makes reference to its Declaration of March 6, 1964, the text of which we transcribe here: "Taking conciliar custom into consideration and also the pastoral purpose of the present Council, the sacred Council defines as binding on the Church only those things in matters of faith and morals which it shall openly declare to be binding. (4) Cfr., i. a., S. Augustinus, Enarr. Funk, 1, p. 282. 645 et 739. "For just as in one body we have many members, yet all the members have not the same function, so we, the many, are one body in Christ, but severally members one of another". S. Ignatius M., Ad Rom., Praef. 35 Mt 21:42; cf. Over the course of history, by reason of the fact that the Church is a mystery, scholars have used Scriptural images such as the mystical body, sheepfold and cultivated field, as a means . Predestined from eternity by that decree of divine providence which determined the incarnation of the Word to be the Mother of God, the Blessed Virgin was on this earth the virgin Mother of the Redeemer, and above all others and in a singular way the generous associate and humble handmaid of the Lord. Until the Lord shall come in His majesty, and all the angels with Him (266) and death being destroyed, all things are subject to Him,(277) some of His disciples are exiles on earth, some having died are purified, and others are in glory beholding "clearly God Himself triune and one, as He is";(1*) but all in various ways and degrees are in communion in the same charity of God and neighbor and all sing the same hymn of glory to our God. (Lumen Gentium) explained the Church's nature as a sign and instrument of communion with God and of unity among men. Let all then have care that they guide aright their own deepest sentiments of soul. (30) Cfr. There are some who, in their freedom as sons of God, renounce their own wills and take upon themselves the state of poverty. Conc. Sacramentarium Leonianum, ed. . (119), It follows that though there are many nations there is but one people of God, which takes its citizens from every race, making them citizens of a kingdom which is of a heavenly rather than of an earthly nature. - Conc. 1:10; Col. 1:20; 2 Pt.3:10-13. Vat. (186) Becoming from the heart a pattern to the flock,(187) let them so lead and serve their local community that it may worthily be called by that name, by which the one and entire people of God is signed, namely, the Church of God. (2) All the elect, before time began, the Father "foreknew and pre- destined to become conformed to the image of His Son, that he should be the firstborn among many brethren". ON NOVEMBER 21, 1964 CHAPTER I - THE MYSTERY OF THE CHURCH 1. this sacred Council, being gathered together in the Holy Spirit, that by proclaiming his Gospel to every creature (cf. Tertullianus, Exhort. For, as St. Irenaeus says, she "being obedient, became the cause of salvation for herself and for the whole human race. 2S: Mansi 33, 171-172. With love and solicitude Mother Church already embraces them as her own. For you are all 'one' in Christ Jesus". Romana Ecclesia, 5 oct. 1752, p 1: Bullarium Benedicti XIV, t. IV, Romae, 1758, 21: . Florentinum, Decretum pro Graecis: Denz. He therefore chose the race of Israel as a people unto Himself. Gentium. II-II, q. (6) Cfr. Their praise lives on in the Church of God. 1712l (3011). Vat. III, q. Those opinions therefore may be lawfully retained which are propounded in Catholic schools concerning her, who occupies a place in the Church which is the highest after Christ and yet very close to us. This is clearly proven by the example of so many holy founders. 6-9 (10-13); Symb. S. Gregorius M., Mor. Officii 20 dec. 1949: AAS 42 (1950) p.142. 3 in dorm. . By their very office of praying and offering sacrifice for their own people and the entire people of God, they should rise to greater holiness. This was to be the new People of God. Since this is so, the spiritual life of these people should then be devoted to the welfare of the whole Church. Clearly from earliest times the Blessed Virgin is honored under the title of Mother of God, under whose protection the faithful took refuge in all their dangers and necessities. (193), If therefore in the Church everyone does not proceed by the same path, nevertheless all are called to sanctity and have received an equal privilege of faith through the justice of God. 4: ed. (50) Cfr. (15) De spirituali paupertate et oboedientia testimonia praccipua S.Scripturae et Patrum afferuntur in Relatione pp. SUMMARY. (64), From Him "the whole body, supplied and built up by joints and ligaments, attains a growth that is of God". Constantinopolitanum II, ib. As is customary with significant Roman Catholic Church documents, it is known by its incipit, "Lumen . c. Donat. 96 Neh. Tuas libener: Denz. In this kingdom creation itself will be delivered from its slavery to corruption into the freedom of the glory of the sons of God. Let them assiduously keep away from whatever, either by word or deed, could lead separated brethren or any other into error regarding the true doctrine of the Church. (268) Therefore the union of the wayfarers with the brethren who have gone to sleep in the peace of Christ is not in the least weakened or interrupted, but on the contrary, according to the perpetual faith of the Church, is strengthened by communication of spiritual goods. (148) They therefore appointed such men, and gave them the order that, when they should have died, other approved men would take up their ministry. A Brief Look At "Lumen Gentium" In 1959, Pope John XXIII convened the Second Vatican Council. 7: Denz. The word "only" takes in all cases. Now the laity are called in a special way to make the Church present and operative in those places and circumstances where only through them can it become the salt of the earth (2*). (5*) Adorned from the first instant of her conception with the radiance of an entirely unique holiness, the Virgin of Nazareth is greeted, on God's command, by an angel messenger as "full of grace",(286) and to the heavenly messenger she replies: "Behold the handmaid of the Lord, be it done unto me according to thy word". John A. Hardon, S.J. And this also is important, that by governing well their own church as a portion of the universal Church, they themselves are effectively contributing to the welfare of the whole Mystical Body, which is also the body of the churches.(34*). Officio sanctissimo, 22 dec. 1887: AAS 20 (1887) p. 264. Nic.-Const. Still further, some become subject of their own accord to another man, in the matter of perfection for love of God. Eph. Fulgens corona, 8 sept. 1953: AAS 45 (1953) pp. (283) "He for us men, and for our salvation, came down from heaven, and was incarnate by the Holy Spirit from the Virgin Mary. 50. Augustinus, Serm. Et sane, 17 dec. 1888: ASS 21 (1888) p. 321 s. (18) Conc. By martyrdom a disciple is transformed into an image of his Master by freely accepting death for the salvation of the worldas well as his conformity to Christ in the shedding of his blood. Sous la maternelle protecrion, 9 dec. l9S7: AAS 50 (19S8) p. 39 s. (1) Conc. 1782 (3001). 16:18; Eph. Pius XI, Litt. Pius XII, Litt. (11) To men, dead in sin, the Father gives life through Him, until, in Christ, He brings to life their mortal bodies. I. Schema De Ecclesia Christi, cap. original document, nor is it a "translation" of Lumen Gentium. (1*) While it transcends all limits of time and confines of race, the Church is destined to extend to all regions of the earth and so enters into the history of mankind. The laity are gathered together in the People of God and make up the Body of Christ under one head. In the same way the inner nature of the Church is now made known to us in different images taken either from tending sheep or cultivating the land, from building or even from family life and betrothals, the images receive preparatory shaping in the books of the Prophets. 3, 14; 4, 27 et 30;Hebr. Lumen Gentium, Light of the Nations, November 21, 1964. (288) This union is manifest also at the birth of Our Lord, who did not diminish His mother's virginal integrity but sanctified it,(10*) when the Mother of God joyfully showed her firstborn Son to the shepherds and Magi. (62*) They have legitimately handed on to different individuals in the Church various degrees of participation in this ministry. Imitating the mother of her Lord, and by the power of the Holy Spirit, she keeps with virginal purity an entire faith, a firm hope and a sincere charity.(20*). (182) Finally, they labor in word and doctrine,(183) believing what they have read and meditated upon in the law of God, teaching what they have believed, and putting in practice in their own lives what they have taught.(71*). (293) After this manner the Blessed Virgin advanced in her pilgrimage of faith, and faithfully persevered in her union with her Son unto the cross, where she stood, in keeping with the divine plan,(294) grieving exceedingly with her only begotten Son, uniting herself with a maternal heart with His sacrifice, and lovingly consenting to the immolation of this Victim which she herself had brought forth. The eternal Father, by a free and hidden plan of His own wisdom and goodness, created the whole world. In this way, the whole Church, strengthened by each one of its members, may more effectively fulfill is mission for the life of the world. S. Thomas Summa Theol. Extraordinary gifts are not to be sought after, nor are the fruits of apostolic labor to be presumptuously expected from their use; but judgment as to their genuinity and proper use belongs to those who are appointed leaders in the Church, to whose special competence it belongs, not indeed to extinguish the Spirit, but to test all things and hold fast to that which is good. Encycl. (202) Let them not, then, hide this hope in the depths of their hearts, but even in the program of their secular life let them express it by a continual conversion and by wrestling "against the world-rulers of this darkness, against the spiritual forces of wickedness.(203). Thus the Church prays and likewise labors so that into the People of God, the Body of the Lord and the Temple of the Holy Spirit, may pass the fullness of the whole world, and that in Christ, the head of all things, all honor and glory may be rendered to the Creator, the Father of the universe. (4*) This consecration will be the more perfect, in as much as the indissoluble bond of the union of Christ and His bride, the Church, is represented by firm and more stable bonds. I, Const. III, 16, 6; III, 22, 1-3: PG 7, 925 C-926 Aet 955 C - 958 A; Harvey 2, 87 s. et 120-123; Sagnard, Ed. Rom. (18) Cfr. Pius XII, Litt. 9. Encycl. For all of them shall know Me, from the least of them even to the greatest, saith the Lord. In the latter instance, without the action of the head, the bishops are not able to act as a College: this is clear from the concept of "College." The evangelical counsels of chastity dedicated to God, poverty and obedience are based upon the words and examples of the Lord. Iur. In such a home husbands and wives find their proper vocation in being witnesses of the faith and love of Christ to one another and to their children. Sapientae christianae, 10 ian. 44, a. IV. (102) Therefore all the disciples of Christ, persevering in prayer and praising God,(103) should present themselves as a living sacrifice, holy and pleasing to God. 1: PG 98 (6), 340-348; Serm. Lumen Gentium begins with the Church as mystery (rather than the Church's hierarchical structures and government as did the documents of Vatican Council I) that is, the "paradoxical union of the human and divine." The Church exists in the here and now, yet has a goal "beyond history" when God will be all in all (1 Cor. Thus it is evident to everyone, that all the faithful of Christ of whatever rank or status, are called to the fullness of the Christian life and to the perfection of charity;(4*) by this holiness as such a more human manner of living is promoted in this earthly society. A., s. Augustinus, Enarr belonging to the Church, is one of sons., from the least of them even to the greatest, saith Lord... ( lumen gentium 16 summary ) p. 39 s. 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The eternal Father, by a free and hidden plan of His own and. Interest our weakness is greatly strengthened it and leads it to perfect union with its Spouse on... Solicitude Mother Church already embraces them as her own, 1964 the Dogmatic Constitution on the Means of Communication! The hearts of the nations, November 21, 1964 to another,.

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